Threats to the Siberian tiger are: Poaching, disappearing forests and habitats by deforestation, bad weather conditions that cause their prey not to be able to find food which in turn causes scarcity in the tiger's food supply. Other carnivores such as the brown bear will steal their food right out from under them. 密猟、森林伐採、悪天候と並ぶ脅威がヒグマ等の肉食獣に獲物を目の前から横取りされる事である。
ロシア科学アカデミーより 4年に間の冬の観察から http://www.tigers.ru/books/ecolog/ch4_en.html The bear must be assigned first place among the predatory mammals that can be numbered among the competitors, the plunderers of the prey of the tiger, or the objects of its hunts. Both species of bears indigenous to the fauna of Primor'e inhabited the long-term study site.? During the "snowy" period of the year, contacts between a tiger and a bear can occur during only very narrow time intervals at the beginning and at the end of winter. トラの餌食を横取りしようとする動物の中で、クマに一位を割り当てなければならない。両方の種類のPrimor'eに住むクマは長期研究した場所に住んでいます。 年の中の雪の時期に、トラとクマが接触出来るのは冬の始まりと終わりのとても限られている時期だけである。 http://www.tigers.ru/books/ecolog/ch12_en.html Various reactions were observed in such situations in the case of bears. One brown bear, which was staying in an area permanently inhabited by tigers, clearly felt himself to be the complete master in that place. large, apparently male, Himalayan (or Asiatic black) bear (which we observed visually), like the brown bear that has already been mentioned, clearly did not fear the presence of tigers.? He walked along the tiger's tracks and rested in the same wild boar den as did the tiger. 熊の場合には、そう言う状況の中で、いくつかの反応が観察された。 いつもトラの棲んでいる地域に、あるヒグマは留まっていたが、明らかにその場所のマスターとして完全に支配しているように振舞った。 私達が目で直接観察した、ある大きくて、雄と思われるツキノワグマは前述のヒグマと同じように、トラがいる事を全く恐れていなかった。彼はトラの足跡に沿って歩いて、トラが休んだのと同じイノシシの巣穴で休んだ。
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http://www.rcip.org/mshcpdocs/Vol2/appendixB/mammals/mountainlion.pdf A study of the ecological relationship between black bears (Ursus americanus),grizzly bears(Ursus arctos) and mountain lions in Glacier national Park in Montana and Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming found that bears displace lions from kills and that displaced lions lost an average of 1.1 kg/day of ungulate biomass, or 25-40 percent of their daily food requirements (Murphy et al. 1996). In addition, lions killed a higher number of ungulates when they were displaced by bears. Ruth and Hornocker (1996) documented grizzly bears tracking, treeing and killing mountain lions in Montana. グレーシャー国立公園やイエローストーン国立公園での研究で以下の事柄が明らかになった。それは、熊らがピューマらを追い払い、その獲物を奪うので、ピューマは一日に必要な食事の25〜40%を失う事になったという事である。 追い払われ獲物を奪われたピューマは、その分だけ多く獲物を狩る事になった。 Ruth and Hornocker (1996) documented grizzly bears tracking, treeing and killing mountain lions in Montana. 研究者らは、ピューマらを追い詰めしているグリズリーらを記録しています。
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http://www.answers.com/topic/amur-tiger The brown bear is the only serious competitor of the Amur tiger, which sometimes tries to dispute tiger's kills, especially in spring time when the bear gets out of its den and start looking for food. According to various sources, the bear is usually the victor in such battles, unless the tiger ambushes the bear, otherwise, the tiger usually retreats and does not engage in a fight with much stronger and bigger opponents 要約 1.ヒグマはアムールトラの唯一の競争相手である。 2.ヒグマは冬眠明けの春先にトラから獲物を奪いに行く。 3.多くの情報によるとこのようなケースで大抵の場合ヒグマが勝つ。 4.トラが待ち伏せをした場合は別だが、基本的にトラは自分より強くて大きい相手には戦いを挑まない
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英国のトラ保護団体saveindiastigersのサイトより。 http://www.saveindiastigers.co.uk/tripreport.html Sloth bear on many occasions have been able to kill a tiger by jumping on them from trees suprising the tiger but this wasn't going to happen today. ナマケグマが木から飛び降りてトラに襲いかかってす事が度々あるそうです。 むしろ ベンガルトラよりナマケグマのほうが強いと思います。トラは相手を選びますし。動画でも自分より小さなナマケグマに追いかけられるものもありましたし。
トラ ヒグマ http://pet_0.dot.thebbs.jp/r.exe/1062827683.701-800 (トリニトロンさんのレスより) 海外にも、ここと同じ様な主旨のサイトがあり、みんな熱く語っています。 その中からトラ対クマについて熱く語っている人々を紹介してみましょう。 続いてcojimarさんの発言です。(1) I have read several books that discussed siberian tiger-brown bear conflicts but only two of them discussed in great detail the encounters between the two. (私はシベリアタイガーとヒグマの闘いについて議論された、いくつかの本を読みました。 その中で2冊だけ、トラ対ヒグマの闘いについてとても詳細に議論されていました。) These two books were about mammals of thew USSR. (これら2冊の本は旧ソ連の哺動物に関するものでした。) One book was published in the 50's the other in the 1970's. (1冊は50年代に、もう1冊は1970年代に出版されました) I will try to find the authors of the books. (私は本の著者を見つけようとしています。) From what I have read tigers do prey on brown bears but generally only brown bears only up to a certain size. (私が読んだ限りでは、トラはヒグマを捕食しますが、しかし普通それはあるサイズまでのヒグマです。) Tigers kill many bears but generally not large bears. (トラたちは沢山のクマをしますが、大抵それは大きなクマではありません。) Apparently tigers sometimes get killed by bears when they attack a bear that is too powerful for them to handle. (時々、クマを攻撃したトラがクマの絶大なパワーに対抗しきれず、されたことが明らかになっています。) I read about how a tiger was killed by a large brown bear near a river in 1913 and about a tigress that attacked a bear scavenging from her kill and was killed. (私は1913年に川の近くで大きなヒグマによってトラがどの様にされたのか読みました。それは雌トラから獲物を 横取りしたクマを雌トラが攻撃して逆にされました。)
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forest and outdoors: volume 28(1932) canadian forestry association to try his fighting ability, diaz, president of mexico some years ago, matched a grizzly against a large specimen of african lion. the fight took place in a large seteel arena. the lion lasted less than 20 minutes. the strength of the grizzly is amazing. 数年前、彼の力を確かめるべくメキシコの大統領がグリズリーと大型のライオンを戦わせた。 戦いは大きな鉄製の闘技場で行われたが、ライオンは二十分ももたなかった.
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コンプトン百科事典 http://www.furryfiction.furtopia.org/animals/comptons/tigers.php They prey upon many other wild animals. Wherever humans have domestic animals, tigers destroy a large number of cattle, horses, sheep, and goats. If hungry enough, a tiger can kill an ox about every five days, or from 60 to 70 a year. Unless it is cornered or greatly provoked, the tiger avoids the elephant, and it rarely attacks a large buffalo or bear. In battles with these animals the tiger is frequently beaten.(Compton's Encyclopedia) (要約)トラは野生動物から家畜まで多くの動物を捕食する。トラは約5日に1回の割合、または年に60〜70匹の数の牛をす事が出来る。 もし非常に怒らせたり、追い詰めたりしなければ、トラはゾウを避ける。 そして、稀だが大型の水牛やクマに攻撃を仕掛けるのだが、その戦いの中ではトラは頻繁に打ち負かされる。
「The Temple Tiger and More Man-Eaters of Kumaon」 (Oxford University Press)」洋書。 著者/Jim Corbett August, 1999出版(18〜24ぺージ) And on two occasions I have seen bears walk up to feeding leopards and, after shooing them off, carry kills away. But on this occasion the tiger and a big male at that was present on his kill and, further, he was not an animal to be shooed away like a leopard. But that was just what the bear appeared to intend doing, and his opportunity came when the tiger was cracking a bone. Whether the bear had been waiting for this moment I do not know; anyway, while the tiger was crunching the bone, the bear drew himself to the edge and, gathering his feet under him, launched himself into the hole with a mighty scream. The object of the scream I imagine was to intimidate the tiger, but so far from having this effect it appeared to infuriate him, for the bear’s mighty scream was answered by an even mightier roar from the tiger. Fights in the wild are very rare and this is only the second case I know of different species of animals fighting for the sake of fighting and not for the purpose of one using the other as food. I did not see the fight, for the reasons I have given, but I heard every detail of it. Waged in a hollow of restricted area the sound was terrifying and I was thankful that the fight was a straight one between two contestants who were capable of defending themselves, and not a three-cornered one in which I was involved. Time stands still when every drop of blood racing through a rapidly beating heart is tingling with excitement. The fight may have lasted three minutes, or it may have lasted longer. Anyway, when the tiger considered he had administered sufficient chastisement he broke off the engagement and came along the open ground in front me at a fast gallop, closely followed by the still screaming bear. (短文) 私が見た二つの事例は、黒熊らが豹らをシッシと追い払い獲物を奪ったものだ。 しかし、今回は、大きな雄のベンガル虎が獲物の側にいる。 さらに、虎は豹のように軽く追い払われるような存在ではない。 豹はともかく虎は非常に恐ろしい。しかし、 大型のベンガル虎と大型の黒熊との激しい戦闘が約3分間続き、トラが獲物を 奪われた。
トラの真の実力 アジア黒熊/対/雄虎 「http://www.suite101.com/article.cfm/bears/20487 One researcher observed a tiger drag a wild goat it had just caught into a natural pit and began feeding. He then saw an Asiatic black bear sneak up to the pit with the greatest care and caution. Taking only quick peeks to see how things were, he waited until the tiger was totally engrossed in feeding. He carefully placed all four feet on the edge of the pit, checked his balance and aim, then suddenly hurled himself into the pit with a tremendous screaming roar. Some truly appalling sounds of combat ensued and the tiger soon came leaping out of the pit, blood streaming from numerous wounds and ran tearing off into the forest. The black bear delightedly ate the rest of the goat at his leisure. 虎が自ら捕獲した獲物を巣へ引きずって食べ始めると 黒熊が獲物に興味を擁いているのに気付いた。 黒熊は虎が食べるのに夢中になるのを待ち、その上で完全に攻撃体制を整えてから 突然、とてつもない絶叫を上げて虎めがけて巣穴に飛び込んでいった。 戦いの音が聞こえた後、雄虎は巣穴から飛び出してきた。 虎は無数の傷を負い血が溢れ出ていた。 虎を追い散らした後に黒熊はゆっくりと虎の獲物を平らげた。」
http://www.geocities.co.jp/Bookend-Christie/7013/gaogao7.html A fully grown male brown bear weighing up to 1500 lb presents a formidable foe to even the biggest male Amur tiger. 最大限(680kgクラス)にまで成長を遂げた 巨大な羆は、最大級の アムール虎 でさえも手におえない敵となる。 Large brown bears even follow tigers and will take over their kills; especially at the end of winter when there is little food around. 特に食糧難になる冬の終わり頃には、 大きな雄の羆達は、 虎達の後をついて行き、 虎達の仕留めた獲物を横取りしようとさえする。
http://www.tigers.ru/books/ecolog/ch12_en.html large, apparently male, Himalayan (or Asiatic black) bear (which we observed visually), like the brown bear that has already been mentioned, clearly did not fear the presence of tigers.? He walked along the tiger's tracks and rested in the same wild boar den as did the tiger. 私達が目で直接観察した、ある大きくて、雄と思われるツキノワグマは前述のヒグマと同じように、トラがいる事を全く恐れていなかった。 彼はトラの足跡に沿って歩いて、トラが休んだのと同じイノシシの巣穴で休んだ。
英国のトラ保護団体saveindiastigersのサイトより。 http://www.saveindiastigers.co.uk/tripreport.html Sloth bear on many occasions have been able to kill a tiger by jumping on them from trees suprising the tiger but this wasn't going to happen today. ナマケグマが木から飛び降りてトラに襲いかかってす事が度々あるそうです。 むしろ ベンガルトラよりナマケグマのほうが強いと思います。トラは相手を選びますし。動画でも自分より小さなナマケグマに追いかけられるものもありましたし。
「ナショナルジオグラフィック」RESEARCH AND EXPLORATION Nose to Nose with Sloth Bears より。 http://magma.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0411/resources_cre.html The species has been studied for almost ten years by Indian researcher K. Yoganand.インドの研究者、K. Yoganandによって、ナマケグマはほとんど10年間に渡り研究されている。 if a bear feels threatened, it will launch a swift and vicious attack that will send even a hungry tiger running.もし、ナマケグマが脅されたと感じたのなら、このクマは、素早くかつ猛烈な攻撃を加えて、餓えたトラでさえ逃亡させるだろう。
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http://www.tdscats.com/tiger_facts.html POWER: One of the most powerful land carnivores in the world (exceeded in strength but not speed by the Kodiak bear), the tiger is a massively built cat of awesome size and power. タイガーを地上最強の肉食獣と賞賛しながらも”コディアックベアには敵わない”
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.ttp://img6.exs.cx/img6/8707/smallertigerbearfight.jpg (2004年の虎本からの抜粋)。Most tigers give sloth Bears a wide berth.(give a wide berth to-敬遠する)。 (殆んどの虎はナマケ熊を敬遠する。)
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ユージン・ビクトル博士 http://www.tigers.ru/articles/tab_eng.html#tab1 1972 r.Komissarovka Pogranichny killed by bear 1981 v.Novo-Vladimirovka Spassky shot dead after provoked attack on hunters; had been wounded by brown bear 雄の成獣のトラがクマに致命傷を負わされた実例。
Dale forwarded your letter to me because I am one of the people who captured, named, and tracked the tiger named Dale. デールさん(Dale Miquelle博士)があなた(巨大動物図鑑の管理人さん)からの手紙を私に転送しました。なぜなら、私はデールと言うトラを捕まえて、名付けて、追跡した人の一人です。 I had never heard of the book you mention, nor to I remember meeting or providing information to the author and his text is somewhat exaggerated. あなたが言及した本(The Last Big Cats)の事を私は聞いた事がなかったし、その著者に会ったり、情報を提供したりした覚えもないし、彼の文書はいくらか大げさに書いてあります。 Dale, the tiger, weighed 455 lbs at his heaviest and indeed did prey on bears quite frequently. トラのデールの体重は最も重い時、455ポンドでした。事実、クマを頻繁にえじきにしました。 He regularly killed and ate both brown bears and Asiatic black bears. 彼は頻繁にヒグマも、ツキノワグマもして食べました。 However, the largest bears that he killed were adult female brown bears that were likely all smaller than he was. しかし、彼がした最も大きいクマはすべて成獣の雌のヒグマで、恐らく、そのクマはすべて彼よりも小さかったです。
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http://peaceriverrefuge.org/Tiger.html Threats to the Siberian tiger are: Poaching, disappearing forests and habitats by deforestation, bad weather conditions that cause their prey not to be able to find food which in turn causes scarcity in the tiger's food supply. Other carnivores such as the brown bear will steal their food right out from under them. 密猟、森林伐採、悪天候と並ぶ脅威がヒグマ等の肉食獣に獲物を目の前から横取りされる事である。
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http://www.tigers.ru/articles/tab_eng.html#tab1 1972 r.Komissarovka Pogranichny killed by bear 1981 v.Novo-Vladimirovka Spassky shot dead after provoked attack on hunters; had been wounded by brown bear 雄の成獣のトラがクマに致命傷を負わされた実例。
Sociobiology of the myrmecophagous sloth bear in Nepal Anup R. Joshi, James L.D. Smith, and David L. Garshelis Can. J. Zool./Rev. can. zool. 77(11): 1690-1704 (1999) 131kgの大ナマケが虎を張り倒した。 サンキストがナマケ熊が捕食される例は非常に稀と明言。対して一流虎保護団体が沢山の虎がナマケ熊にされたと明言。 熊の攻撃力を前提にほとんどの虎が熊を敬遠するといったのは最高権威2人や。そして一流虎保護団体がたくさんの虎が熊にされたと明言。 そしてBBC、アニプラで現地で屈指のメストラがナマケグマに蹴散らされた映像が流されたわけや。
英国のトラ保護団体saveindiastigersのサイトより。 http://www.saveindiastigers.co.uk/tripreport.html Sloth bear on many occasions have been able to kill a tiger by jumping on them from trees suprising the tiger but this wasn't going to happen today. ナマケグマが木から飛び降りてトラに襲いかかってす事が度々あるそうです。
アニアニ〜 where the grizzly walks(P191) bill schneider(1977版) in the late 19th century, bear/bull fight promoters matched a grizzly with an african lion-the king of beasts. the lion lasted about long enough for the crowd to get a single breath. 19世紀末、闘牛のプロモーターがグリズリーとライオンを戦わせた。 熊はあっと言う間にライオンを倒した。
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アニアニ〜 life in ancient india(P438) wishing however to recover the gem he followed the steps of the lion, and arrived at the spot where the lion had been killed by the bear; ライオンが熊にされているのが発見された。
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アニアニ〜 Five hundred curious and interesting narratives and anecdotes(1838) the lion and the bear had a long contest. the lion his teeth and with his claws wounded the bear in several places, but could not penetrate much farther than the skin. the bear somehow or other took the lion at an advantage, got him within his grasp, and gave him such a squeeze as squeered the breath out of his body. ライオンと熊は長く戦った。 彼の牙と爪は熊に幾つかの傷をつけた。 しかし結局ライオンは熊の攻撃で倒された。
アニアニ〜 Travels in the East Indian archipelago Albert Smith Bickmore and soon they found the battle had not been between two tigers, as they had supposed, but between a tiger and a bear, and that both were dead. The bear was still hugging the tiger, and the tiger had reached round, and fastened his teeth in the side of the bear's neck. 虎同士の戦いではなく、それは虎と熊の戦いである事がわかった。 虎とマレー熊は相討ちになっていた。 ※マレー熊、体重25から60キロ。 現地の虎、約100キロから150キロ。
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アニアニ〜 tiger!: the story of the indian tiger(P220) corbett mentions an incident where a bear attacked and killed a tiger. 熊が虎をしたと述べた。 (続く)
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アニアニ〜 The Milwaukee Journal(1966) black bear won battle with african lion the bear reared up and hit the lion a mighty blow with its fore-paw. the big cat went backward for several feet and nearly had its shoulder torn off. the lion was injured so badly that it had to be destroyed, but the berar was ready to go back to work within a few days. アメリカグマとライオンが戦ってクマがライオンに勝った。 酷い怪我を負ったライオンは安楽死させられた。
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アニアニ〜 maiani daily news(1942) ferocious bengal and rosie battle to finish for 60 terrifying minutes by benton jacobs [daily staff writer] fr.lauderdale, dec. 12.-prince, 500-pound bengal tiger, is dead, killed in an hour-long battle with a russian bear, in expiation for the crime of murdering a man. (略) difference in attack the men at the ringside began throwing boulders into the grotto and finally hours later, were able to get the bear into a cage and haul the dead 1,500$ tiger away. a lion or a bear, according to beatty, will whip a tiger nine times out of tens. (要約)体重225キロの雄のベンガルトラが雌のヒグマにされた。 クライド・ビーティによれば、クマは10回中9回はトラに勝つ。 (続く)。
アニアニから village, town, and jungle life in india(P285) in assam there is a sport of which the natives of sylhet are fondviz, a tiger and buffalo fight. into a staked enclosure a buffalo and a tiger are caused to enter from opposite ends. the european idea would be that the tiger would go straight at the buffalo and kill him with a blow or two. the fact is that the tiger knows that he has no chance, and it is the buffalo that goes at the tiger and soon kills him. アッサムでは現地人が好むスポーツがある。 それは虎と水牛の戦いだ。 ヨーロッパの人々は虎が水牛を簡単にすと信じている。 だが、それは間違いだ。 実際は虎に勝つチャンスはない。 現実は水牛が虎をすぐに突きしてしまうのだ。 out of the mainstream(P212) suprisingly agile for their great bulk, the wild buffalo has been known to kill tiger and one of the game wathcers told me of an old bull which gored to death both a tiger and his mate when they tried to pull him down. 野牛が虎をすことが知られている。 老いた野牛が攻撃を仕掛けてきた雄と雌の2頭の虎を突きした。 the milwaukee journal(1946) tiger and a wild buffalo invaded a tea garden in a bloody battle friday. the tiger was reported to have killed seven persons and injured five before it was gored to death by the buffalo. インドで金曜日に虎と野牛が戦った。 虎は野牛に突きされた。
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アニアニから (1)Harper's magazine, Volume 10 P41 they are then used for baiting with the tiger and wild bull. In these combats,the alligator has been known to seize the tiger's head between his teeth and crush in the skull; on the other hand, the infurianted bulls have without difficulty gored them to death. それらは虎や野牛との戦いに用いられた。 これらの戦いではアリゲーターが虎の頭を噛んで頭蓋骨を破壊することが知られている。 (2)the book of job albert barnes P281 The tiger is thus oftnen seized by the crocodile, and dragged into the river and drowned. 虎はこのようにして頻繁にワニに川の中に引き込まれて溺死させられる。 (3)BigCats Seymour Simon P40 Crocodiles have been known to attack and kill a tiger in the water. Even on land, a tiger sometimes loses a battle. ワニが水中で虎を攻撃してすことが知られている。 陸の上ですら、虎は時々ワニとの戦いに敗れる。 (4)http://www.indianexpress.com/news/in-sunderbans-crocodile-devours-tiger/829699/ 成体のトラがイリエワニに捕食された。 ※逆の事例は無い。
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アニアニから village, town, and jungle life in india(P285) in assam there is a sport of which the natives of sylhet are fondviz, a tiger and buffalo fight. into a staked enclosure a buffalo and a tiger are caused to enter from opposite ends. the european idea would be that the tiger would go straight at the buffalo and kill him with a blow or two. the fact is that the tiger knows that he has no chance, and it is the buffalo that goes at the tiger and soon kills him. アッサムでは現地人が好むスポーツがある。 それは虎と水牛の戦いだ。 ヨーロッパの人々は虎が水牛を簡単にすと信じている。 だが、それは間違いだ。 実際は虎に勝つチャンスはない。 現実は水牛が虎をすぐに突きしてしまうのだ。 out of the mainstream(P212) suprisingly agile for their great bulk, the wild buffalo has been known to kill tiger and one of the game wathcers told me of an old bull which gored to death both a tiger and his mate when they tried to pull him down. 野牛が虎をすことが知られている。 老いた野牛が攻撃を仕掛けてきた雄と雌の2頭の虎を突きした。 the milwaukee journal(1946) tiger and a wild buffalo invaded a tea garden in a bloody battle friday. the tiger was reported to have killed seven persons and injured five before it was gored to death by the buffalo. インドで金曜日に虎と野牛が戦った。 虎は野牛に突きされた。
http://www.nwf.org/nationalwildlife/article.cfm?issueID=18&articleID=143 350-pound grizzly chasing off all nine wolves.約160kgのグリズリーが9匹の狼を追い払う。they may see the cats as a feline gravy train. Between 1990 and 1995, wildlife biologist Kerry Murphy and other HWI researchers monitored 113 cougar kills (mostly deer and elk) in Glacier and Yellowstone and discovered that bears (grizzlies and blacks) were claiming a significant share of the spoils. Bruins visited about one of every four cougar kills, robbing the feline owner of as much as 26 percent of its food requirement, sometimes for several days running. "It appears," says Murphy, "that competition for kills creates significant gains for bears and significant losses for cougars." グリズリー達はピューマをぼろ儲けの道具として見ているのかもしれません。生物学者と調査員達は113体のピューマの獲物を調査しました。熊達はピューマの食料の26%を強奪していました。獲物に対する争いでは、熊に相当な利益を与え、ピューマに相当な損失を与えました。
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bears displace lions from kills and that displaced lions lost an average of 1.1 kg/day of ungulatebiomass, or 25-40 percent of their daily food requirements (Murphy et al. 1996). In addition,lions killed a higher number of ungulates when they were displaced by bears. Ruth and Hornocker (1996) documented grizzly bears tracking, treeing and killing mountain lions in Montana.(Ruth and Hornocker 1996) 熊らがピューマらを追い払って獲物を奪うので、ピューマ達は1日の食料の必要量の25-40%を奪われる事になった(Murphy et al. 1996)。獲物を奪われたピューマらはその分、余分に獲物を狩る事になった。 ピューマらを追い込んでしているグリズリー達が記録されてる(Ruth and Hornocker 1996)。
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トラ ヒグマ http://pet_0.dot.thebbs.jp/r.exe/1062827683.701-800 (トリニトロンさんのレスより) 海外にも、ここと同じ様な主旨のサイトがあり、みんな熱く語っています。 その中からトラ対クマについて熱く語っている人々を紹介してみましょう。 続いてcojimarさんの発言です。(1) I have read several books that discussed siberian tiger-brown bear conflicts but only two of them discussed in great detail the encounters between the two. (私はシベリアタイガーとヒグマの闘いについて議論された、いくつかの本を読みました。 その中で2冊だけ、トラ対ヒグマの闘いについてとても詳細に議論されていました。) These two books were about mammals of thew USSR. (これら2冊の本は旧ソ連の哺動物に関するものでした。) One book was published in the 50's the other in the 1970's. (1冊は50年代に、もう1冊は1970年代に出版されました) I will try to find the authors of the books. (私は本の著者を見つけようとしています。) From what I have read tigers do prey on brown bears but generally only brown bears only up to a certain size. (私が読んだ限りでは、トラはヒグマを捕食しますが、しかし普通それはあるサイズまでのヒグマです。) Tigers kill many bears but generally not large bears. (トラたちは沢山のクマをしますが、大抵それは大きなクマではありません。) Apparently tigers sometimes get killed by bears when they attack a bear that is too powerful for them to handle. (時々、クマを攻撃したトラがクマの絶大なパワーに対抗しきれず、されたことが明らかになっています。) I read about how a tiger was killed by a large brown bear near a river in 1913 and about a tigress that attacked a bear scavenging from her kill and was killed. (私は1913年に川の近くで大きなヒグマによってトラがどの様にされたのか読みました。それは雌トラから獲物を 横取りしたクマを雌トラが攻撃して逆にされました。)
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やはり ヒグマ、ツキノワグマはシベリアトラの絶滅に加担しているようですね・・・ http://peaceriverrefuge.org/Tiger.html Threats to the Siberian tiger are: Poaching, disappearing forests and habitats by deforestation, bad weather conditions that cause their prey not to be able to find food which in turn causes scarcity in the tiger's food supply. Other carnivores such as the brown bear will steal their food right out from under them. 密猟、森林伐採、悪天候と並ぶ脅威がヒグマ等の肉食獣に獲物を目の前から横取りされる事である。
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1、体重225キロの雄トラがヒグマにされた。 (タイトル) ferocious bengal and rosie battle to finish for 60 terrifying minutes by benton jacobs [daily staff writer] fr.lauderdale, dec. 12.-prince, 500-pound bengal tiger, is dead, killed in an hour-long battle with a russian bear, in expiation for the crime of murdering a man. (中略) difference in attack the men at the ringside began throwing boulders into the grotto and finally hours later, were able to get the bear into a cage and haul the dead 1,500$ tiger away.
(1)http://blog.wildearth.tv/2007/10/story-behind-mapogo-males.html they are six brothers, all about 7 years old. 雄ライオンらは全て概ね七歳だ。 Aparantly, two weeks ago the Mapogo Males were drinking from the Sand river in Londolozi Game Reserve when a crocodile attacked and killed one of them at the waters edge. 二週間前、the Mapogoの雄ライオンの中の1頭がワニに攻撃されてされた。 (2)Mid 2007, one of the Roller Coaster males was killed by a Crocodile the Roller Coasterの雄ライオンがワニにされた。